Protective role of vitamin B6 in Gentamicin Nerphrotoxicity

The use of gentamicin in daily clinical practice is very common. It's well known toxic side effect is mainly on kidneys. This antibiotic causes lipid peroxidation as an ultimate event in its nephrotoxic effect, which explains why Gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity is not affected by many powerful antioxidants like vita A., C., and E. and when tried with agents like Nitrendipine also. Gentamicin toxic effect elicits itself as an acute renal cortical tubular necrosis. It has recently been established that in rabbits, there occurs a decrease in pyridoxal 5 phosphate [a coenzyme of Vitamin B6] levels when gentamicin is given even in therapeutic doses. The present study was, therefore, designed as an endeavor to ascertain and establish the role [if any] of vitamin B6 supplementation for the protection/elimination of the nephrotoxic effect of gentamicin. For this purpose, 28 male albino rats were used by making four groups with seven animals in each. Group A, kept as control Group. B given vit. B6, group C administered Gentamicin and D group given Gentamicin + B6, I/P, daily for 10 consective days. Animals were sacrificed after 10 days, their kidneys were removed, divided, fixed and evaluated structurally at histological levels under light microscope. The morphological changes in the structure of kidneys of group C animals [nephrotoxic group] were analyzed and compared with other groups i.e. A,B and D to reach the conclusion that the renal toxicity produced by Gentamicin could be inhibited effectively by simultaneous vitamin B6 treatment

Alterations in serum cholesterol levels in Benign colorectal tumours

Colorectal adenoma is the benign precursor of colorectal carcinoma. This study was designed to assess the relation between serum cholesterol levels and colorectal adenoma. Subjects were selected from males who underwent colonoscopy for various reasons. Among selected subjects, twenty were histologically confirmed cases of colorectal adenoma [constituting the patient group] and sixteen age- and body mass index [BMI]-matched were free from colorectal adenoma [constituting the control group]. Before any medical and surgical treatment, fasting blood samples were taken for the estimation of lipid fractions of various serum lipoproteins. Patients showed raised levels of serum cholesterol [P<0.05] and low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDLc] [P<0.01], as compared to those in the control subjects. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDLc] and triglycerides did not show statistically significant difference between patients and controls. The findings of the present study suggest that the patients with colorectal adenoma may have higher levels of total cholesterol and LDLc

Effect of uncomplicated membranous glomerulonephritis on serum lipid profile

Alterations in the serum lipids have been reported in various renal disorders. The present study was designed to examine the effect of uncomplicated [prior to development of renal failure] membranous glomerulonephritis [MGN] on serum lipids, before initiation of drug treatment. Eighteen histologically confirmed MGN patients, with urinary excretion of protein >3.5 g/24h, serum level of total protein <6 g/dL, and serum level of albumin <3 g/dL, were included in the study [constituting patient group]. Twenty age- and body mass index [BMI]-matched healthy subjects were selected as controls. The patients with MGN had elevated serum concentrations of total cholesterol [9.79 +/- 0.453 mmol/L [mean +/- SEM]], triglycerides [2.53 +/- 0.071 mmol/L], and LDLc [8.02 +/- 0.447 mmol/L] as compared to the control values 5.06 +/- 0.065, l.26 +/- 0.023, and 3.33 +/- 0.067 mmol/L, respectively, with P<0.001. However significantly low levels of HDLc were observed in MGN patients with P< 0.001 when compared with those in controls [1.27 +/- 0.039 vs I.48 +/- 0.018 mmol/L]. There was an inverse correlation between serum albumin, and total cholesterol [r = -0.6800; P<0.01] and triglycerides [r = -0.8644; P< 0.001]. From the findings of this study, it was concluded that there were statistically significant elevations in the levels of atherogenic fractions of serum lipids and declines in the antiatherogenic fraction of serum lipids, in patients with uncomplicated and untreated MGN

Changes in serum lipid, testosterone, LH and FSH levels in nephrotic patients with chronic renal failure

Chronic renal failure is associated with hypogonadism in males and nephritic syndrome is usually associated with dyslipidaemia. The aim of the present study was to examine the changes in lipid contents of various serum lipoprotein fractions and serum levels of testosterone, FSH [follicle stimulating hormone] and LH [luteinizing hormone] in the male nephrotic patients with chronic renal failure. Sixteen male patients [age 35.29 +/- 0.58; mean +/- SEM] with chronic renal failure and proteinuria [>3.5g/day] were selected. On the basis of histological findings of renal biopsy: membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, 3 patients; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis,8 patients; and membranous nephropathy, 5 patients. Fourteen age- and weight-matched healthy male subjects were selected as controls. Serum levels of testosterone, FSH, LH, and lipid fractions of serum lipoproteins were determined in-patients and controls. Patients showed significantly lower levels of testosterone and FSH and higher levels of LH, when compared with those of patients [P<0.001]. All lipid fractions [except for HDLc] were significantly higher in-patients than those in controls [P<0.001]. In addition an inverse correlation was observed in the patients between albumin levels and total cholesterol [r=-0.6842, P<0.01], and serum albumin and triacylglycerols [r=-0.7489, P<0.001]. The findings of the present study suggest that chronic renal failure with nephrotic syndrome is associated with decreased levels of serum testosterone and FSH, and elevated levels of lipids excluding HDLc